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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Identify the technical components of printers and scanners.
Identify printing and scanning processes.
Install and configure printers and scanners.
Maintain and troubleshoot printers and scanners.
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Printer and Scanner Following are the printer and scanner components:
Components
Printer and scanner memory
Printer and scanner drivers
Printer and scanner firmware
Printer and scanner interfaces
Consumable printer components
Flatbed scanner components
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 2 of 34
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and Printers and scanners have their own installed memory to
Printer Scanner Memory
store information about:
Device settings
Jobs in queue
Scanned images
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 3 of 34
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The printer and scanner drivers:
Printer and Scanner Drivers
Enable the device to communicate with the computer system.
Control all device-specific functions
Types of printer and scanner drivers are:
PostScript Printer Description (PPD)
Printer Control Language (PCL)
Raster/bitmap
Plotter/vector
Scanner
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 4 of 34
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Printer and Scanner Drivers (Contd..)
Driver files
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 5 of 34
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The printers and scanners include built in firmware that:
Printer and Scanner Firmware
Provides the on-board device management interface.
Enables configure printer and scanner functions
Helps monitor and manage print jobs
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 6 of 34
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Following are the printer and scanner interfaces:
Printer and Scanner Interfaces
Parallel
Serial USB
Firewire SCSI
Wireless
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 7 of 34
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Consumable Printer Components
Consumable printer components are:
Toner
Ink and ink cartridges
Paper and other media types
Toner Ink and cartridges Paper and other media
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 8 of 34
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Flatbed Scanner Components
Flatbed scanner components are:
Scanner bed
Scanner cover
Light source
Scan head
Stabilizer bar
Stepper motor and belt
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 9 of 34
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and Following are the various printer and scanner processes:
Printer Scanner Processes
The Laser Printing Process
The Inkjet Print Process
Thermal Print Processes
The Solid Ink Print Process
The Dot-matrix Impact Print Process
The Scanning Process
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 10 of 34
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Printing Following are the steps of laser printing process:
The Laser Process
Cleaning
Erasing
Charging (Conditioning) Laser
Writing
Developing
Transferring
Toner supply
g
Fusing
EP drum Fusing unit users
h t d
Corona wire
Charging the drum
heat and pressure
to adhere toner to
paper
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 11 of 34
Paper source Corona wires
Charging the drum
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Following are the steps of inkjet printing process:
The Inkjet Print Process
Ink dispersion
Ink deposit
Paper advance
Ink is sprayed
onto the paper
Paper
Print head and
reservoir
Melted ink is forced out to
spray against the paper; each
droplet is about one-millionth
of a normal drop
Print head
nozzle detail
Rollers
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 12 of 34
Resistor creates heat
that vaporizes some of
the ink from the reservoir
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Following are the steps of thermal printing process:
Thermal Print Processes
In thermal dye transfer printer
Diffuses dye from ribbons
In thermal wax transfer printer
Melts wax-based ink from ribbon
In direct thermal printer
Creates image with heated pins
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 13 of 34
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Following are the steps of the solid ink print process:
The Solid Ink Print Process
Ink melt
Ink transfer
Image transfer Ink melter Ink reservoir
Print head
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 14 of 34
Paper path
Drum
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Dot-Matrix Following are the steps of dot-matrix impact print process:
The Dot Impact Print Process
Pin strike
Ink transfer
Printhead move
Paper Ink ribbon
Letter quality pass
Tractor
Electrical signals from
microprocessor
Print head
Coils Pins
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 15 of 34
Electrical signals from
microprocessor
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Following are the steps of scanning process:
The Scanning Process
Document placement
Initialization
Scan
Digitization
Conversion
Recording
Stepper motor
Belt
Scan head and light
source
Object to scan
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 16 of 34
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and Before installing and configuring printers and scanners, you
d t d t d f ll i
Install Configure Printers and Scanners
need to understand following:
Local and network-based printers
Network-connected printers
The print spooler
The windows print process
Windows print permissions
Printer configuration options
Scanner performance factors
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 17 of 34
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Network-Local printers are managed by and are generally physically
tt h d t th l l t
Local and Network based Printers
attached to the local computer
Network-based printers are shared print devices that are
managed by a remote computer, called a print server.
Often locally attached
Print queue on local computer
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 18 of 34
Shared on network
Print queue on print server
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Network-Network-connected printers have built-in network adapter
d d tdi tl t t k bl i
Network Connected Printers
cards and connect directly to a network cable or via a
wireless network interface.
Directly connects to network with onboard
adapter
On-board print server
software
Jobs sent via network
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 19 of 34
protocol
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Print The print spooler is the Windows system component that
th ti i ti
The Spooler
manages the entire printing process.
Print spooler component are:
Graphics Device Interface (GDI)
Print provider
Print router
Print processor
Separator page processor
Port monitor
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 20 of 34
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The Print Spooler (Contd..)
Spooler service
Loads
print driver
Writes job
to disk
Transfers job
to device
Schedules
job
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 21 of 34
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The Windows Print Process
Following are the steps of Windows print process:
1. User prints document
2. Print driver renders print job
3. Print spooler accepts job
4. Print router determines if printer is local or remote
5. If remote, remote print provider sends job over network
Local or
remote?
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 22 of 34
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The Windows Print Process (Contd..)
6. Print router determines that printer is local
7. Print provider spools job to disk
8. Print processor completes rendering
9. If necessary, separator page inserted
10. Port monitor transfers job to printer
11. Printer produces output
Local
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Windows print permissions are:
Windows Print Permissions
Print
Manage Printers
Manage Documents
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 24 of 34
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Configuration Options
Following are the printer configuration options are:
Printer Device calibration
Media and paper tray assignments
Tray switching
Font substitutions
Print spool settings
Printer availability
Color management
Printer ports
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 25 of 34
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Following are the scanner performance factors:
Scanner Performance Factors
Resolution
File formats
Default settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 26 of 34
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Activity 13-4
Activity on Installing a
Local Printer
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 27 of 34
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Activity 13-5
Activity on Verifying the
Printer Installation
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 28 of 34
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Maintain and Troubleshoot Printers and Scanners
Before maintaining and troubleshooting printers and
scanners, you need to understand following:
Preventative maintenance techniques
Common printer issues
Common scanner issues
Printer and scanner troubleshooting resources
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 29 of 34
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Maintenance Techniques
Maintenance techniques are for printer and scanner are:
Preventative Use the printer often to avoid the ink from drying out.
Run the printer’s cleaning utility to clean the printhead.
Run the printer’s nozzle test.
Regularly clean the paper path and the ribbon path using a dry
soft cloth.
Replace the toner cartridge once it gets low.
Dust the scanner often.
Clean the glass bed of the scanner with a cloth and cleaner.
The cleaner the glass bed of the scanner, the clearer your
images will be.
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 30 of 34
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Common Printer Issues
Common printer issues are:
Jobs are in print queue but do not print
Printer doesn’t print the way the user expects it to print
User can’t access network printer
Print output is garbled
Print jobs never appear in print queue
Other sporadic print problems
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 31 of 34
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Common Scanner Issues
Common scanner issues are:
Scanner and computer do not communicate
General power or hardware problems
Scanner does not respond when buttons are pressed
Scanning software does not run properly
Scanner image quality is not correct
Scanner is slow
Specific scanner errors
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 32 of 34
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Printer and Scanner Troubleshooting Resources
Printer and scanner troubleshooting resources are:
Extension magnet
Test patterns
General diagnostic utilities
Device documentation
Manufacturers’ websites
Software vendors’ websites
Error logs and reports
Service logs and reports
Troubleshooting principles
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 33 of 34
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
Printer and scanner have various components, such as
memory, driver and firmware.
Each printer and scanner have specific printing process.
How to install and configure printer and scanner.
Preventative maintenance techniques and networking tools
help maintain and troubleshoot network connections.
What are the common printer and scanner issues.
Ver. 1.0 Session 13 Slide 34 of 34
Wednesday, January 28, 2009
A+ Install and configure laptops and portable computing devices
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Install and configure laptops and portable computing devices.
Maintain and troubleshoot laptops and portable computing
devices.
Identify major types of printer and scanner technologies.
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 1 of 35
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Install and Configure Before installing and configuring laptops and portable
Laptops and Portable Computing Devices
computing devices, you need to understand the following:
Power management technologies
Power management modes
Communication connection selection tips
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 2 of 35
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Management Technologies
Microsoft Windows XP offers user configurable power
Power schemes:
Portable/Laptop power scheme
Max Battery power scheme
ACPI
APM
Portable/Laptop
Max Battery
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 3 of 35
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Management Two primary power-saving states on devices running
Power Modes
Windows XP are:
Hibernate
Standby
Hibernate
Standby
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 4 of 35
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Communication methods are:
Communication Connection Selection Tips
Bluetooth
Infrared
WiFi
Ethernet WAN
Cellular WWAN
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 5 of 35
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Activity 12-2
Activity on Configuring
Power Management for
Mobile Computing
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 6 of 35
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Activity 12-3
Activity on Exchanging
Portable Computer Drives
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 7 of 35
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Activity 12-4
Activity on Docking
Portable Systems
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Activity 12-5
Activity on Installing PC
Cards
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 9 of 35
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Activity 12-6
Activity on Exchanging
PC Cards
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 10 of 35
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Activity 12-7
Activity on Installing a
Mini-PCI Card
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Activity 12-8
Activity on Adding
Memory to Portable
Computing Devices
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Activity 12-9
Activity on Connecting
Infrared Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 13 of 35
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Activity 12-10
Activity on Connecting
Bluetooth Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 14 of 35
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Maintain and Troubleshoot Laptops and Portable Computing Before maintaining and troubleshooting laptops and portable
Devices
computing, you need to understand following:
Maintenance and handling techniques
Operating environment best practices
General mobile computing device issues
Common stylus issues
Common laptop keypad issues
Common wireless connectivity issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 15 of 35
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and Handling Maintenance and handling techniques are:
Maintenance Techniques
General cleaning
Cooling systems
Batteries
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You need to protect devices from following environmental
Operating Environment Best Practices
factors:
High temperature
Rapid change in temperature
High humidity
Low humidity
High altitude
Radio-frequency interference (RFI)
Direct light
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 17 of 35
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General Mobile Computing Device Issues
Following are the general mobile computing device issues:
External display issues
Short battery life
Device gets hot
Batteries don’t charge fully
Laptop doesn’t work when on battery power
Laptop won’t turn on when connected to AC power
Pointing device issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 18 of 35
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Following are the common stylus issues:
Common Stylus Issues
Screen does not respond to stylus
Cursor is moving too fast/slow
Cursor does not go where desired
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 19 of 35
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Following are the common laptop keypad issues:
Common Laptop Keypad Issues
Nonstandard key placement
Function keys
Numeric keypad
Sticking keys
Keyboard too small
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Following are the common wireless connectivity issues:
Common Wireless Connectivity Issues
Poor reception
No reception
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 21 of 35
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Printer and Scanner Before learning printing and scanning technologies, you
Technologies
need to understand following:
Printers
Scanners
Multi-function Devices
Laser Printers
Inkjet Printers
Thermal Printers
Types of Thermal Printers
Solid Ink Printers
Impact Printers
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 22 of 35
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A computer printer:
Printers
Is an output device.
Helps produce text and images from electronic content onto
paper.
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Scanners is a device that:
Scanners
Helps creates a two-dimensional digitized image of a physical
object and saves as a computer file.
Helps display, edit, or print saved files.
Physical object to scan
Glass plate
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 24 of 35
Flatbed type
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Multi-A multi-function device:
Multi function Devices
Is a equipment that performs the functions of a number of
other specialized devices.
Include printer, scanner, fax, and copier functions.
Printing output tray
Copying
Faxing Scanning
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A laser printer is a printer that forms high-quality images on
f t ti
Laser Printers
one page of paper at a time.
Following are the components of laser printer:
Toner cartridge
Laser scanning assembly
High-voltage power supply
DC power supply
Paper transport assembly
Electrostatic Photographic drum (EP drum)
Transfer corona assembly
Fusing assembly
Formatter board
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 26 of 35
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Laser Printers (Contd..)
Toner cartridge
Printer ports
Output tray
Input trays
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 27 of 35
Input trays
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
An inkjet printer prints images by spraying liquid ink from
i k t id t f l i d f ll th
Inkjet Printers
an ink cartridge out of nozzles aimed carefully on the paper.
Ink cartridges
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 28 of 35
Black ink Color ink
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
A thermal printer is a general term for any printer that uses
h t t t th i th ith d i k f
Thermal Printers
heat to create the image on the paper with dye or ink from
ribbons or directly with pins.
Print ribbon
compartment
Page-wide thermal print
head
inside unit
Can produce photo-quality
output
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 29 of 35
Photo paper supply
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
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Various types of thermal printer are:
Types of Thermal Printers
Thermal dye transfer printer
Thermal wax transfer printer
Direct thermal printer
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 30 of 35
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Solid ink printers are printers that use ink from melted
lid i k ti k
Solid Ink Printers
solid-ink sticks.
Ink forced into print
Solid ink sticks head
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 31 of 35
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An impact printer is any type of printer that strikes a
t di tl i t th i k ibb t t
Impact Printers
component directly against the ink ribbon to create
characters on the paper.
Various types of impact printer are:
Dot-matrix printer
Formed-character printer
Line printer
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 32 of 35
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Impact Printers (Contd..)
Platen knob to
Pins strike ink advance paper
ribbon
Print head
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 33 of 35
Ribbon
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
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Activity 13-1
Activity on Discussing
Printer and Scanner
Technologies
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 34 of 35
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
The power management technique provides power
management modes.
The laptops and portable computing devices have various
issues related to the maintenance and handling.
The printer and scanner technologies provides different
devices, such as laser and inkjet printers.
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 35 of 35
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Install and configure laptops and portable computing devices.
Maintain and troubleshoot laptops and portable computing
devices.
Identify major types of printer and scanner technologies.
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 1 of 35
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Install and Configure Before installing and configuring laptops and portable
Laptops and Portable Computing Devices
computing devices, you need to understand the following:
Power management technologies
Power management modes
Communication connection selection tips
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 2 of 35
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Management Technologies
Microsoft Windows XP offers user configurable power
Power schemes:
Portable/Laptop power scheme
Max Battery power scheme
ACPI
APM
Portable/Laptop
Max Battery
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 3 of 35
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Management Two primary power-saving states on devices running
Power Modes
Windows XP are:
Hibernate
Standby
Hibernate
Standby
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 4 of 35
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Communication methods are:
Communication Connection Selection Tips
Bluetooth
Infrared
WiFi
Ethernet WAN
Cellular WWAN
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 5 of 35
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Activity 12-2
Activity on Configuring
Power Management for
Mobile Computing
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 6 of 35
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Activity 12-3
Activity on Exchanging
Portable Computer Drives
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 7 of 35
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Activity 12-4
Activity on Docking
Portable Systems
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 8 of 35
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Activity 12-5
Activity on Installing PC
Cards
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 9 of 35
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Activity 12-6
Activity on Exchanging
PC Cards
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 10 of 35
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Activity 12-7
Activity on Installing a
Mini-PCI Card
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 11 of 35
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Activity 12-8
Activity on Adding
Memory to Portable
Computing Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 12 of 35
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Activity 12-9
Activity on Connecting
Infrared Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 13 of 35
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Activity 12-10
Activity on Connecting
Bluetooth Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 14 of 35
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Maintain and Troubleshoot Laptops and Portable Computing Before maintaining and troubleshooting laptops and portable
Devices
computing, you need to understand following:
Maintenance and handling techniques
Operating environment best practices
General mobile computing device issues
Common stylus issues
Common laptop keypad issues
Common wireless connectivity issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 15 of 35
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and Handling Maintenance and handling techniques are:
Maintenance Techniques
General cleaning
Cooling systems
Batteries
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 16 of 35
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You need to protect devices from following environmental
Operating Environment Best Practices
factors:
High temperature
Rapid change in temperature
High humidity
Low humidity
High altitude
Radio-frequency interference (RFI)
Direct light
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 17 of 35
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General Mobile Computing Device Issues
Following are the general mobile computing device issues:
External display issues
Short battery life
Device gets hot
Batteries don’t charge fully
Laptop doesn’t work when on battery power
Laptop won’t turn on when connected to AC power
Pointing device issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 18 of 35
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Following are the common stylus issues:
Common Stylus Issues
Screen does not respond to stylus
Cursor is moving too fast/slow
Cursor does not go where desired
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 19 of 35
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Following are the common laptop keypad issues:
Common Laptop Keypad Issues
Nonstandard key placement
Function keys
Numeric keypad
Sticking keys
Keyboard too small
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 20 of 35
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Following are the common wireless connectivity issues:
Common Wireless Connectivity Issues
Poor reception
No reception
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 21 of 35
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Printer and Scanner Before learning printing and scanning technologies, you
Technologies
need to understand following:
Printers
Scanners
Multi-function Devices
Laser Printers
Inkjet Printers
Thermal Printers
Types of Thermal Printers
Solid Ink Printers
Impact Printers
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 22 of 35
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A computer printer:
Printers
Is an output device.
Helps produce text and images from electronic content onto
paper.
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 23 of 35
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Scanners is a device that:
Scanners
Helps creates a two-dimensional digitized image of a physical
object and saves as a computer file.
Helps display, edit, or print saved files.
Physical object to scan
Glass plate
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 24 of 35
Flatbed type
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Multi-A multi-function device:
Multi function Devices
Is a equipment that performs the functions of a number of
other specialized devices.
Include printer, scanner, fax, and copier functions.
Printing output tray
Copying
Faxing Scanning
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 25 of 35
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A laser printer is a printer that forms high-quality images on
f t ti
Laser Printers
one page of paper at a time.
Following are the components of laser printer:
Toner cartridge
Laser scanning assembly
High-voltage power supply
DC power supply
Paper transport assembly
Electrostatic Photographic drum (EP drum)
Transfer corona assembly
Fusing assembly
Formatter board
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 26 of 35
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Laser Printers (Contd..)
Toner cartridge
Printer ports
Output tray
Input trays
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 27 of 35
Input trays
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
An inkjet printer prints images by spraying liquid ink from
i k t id t f l i d f ll th
Inkjet Printers
an ink cartridge out of nozzles aimed carefully on the paper.
Ink cartridges
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 28 of 35
Black ink Color ink
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
A thermal printer is a general term for any printer that uses
h t t t th i th ith d i k f
Thermal Printers
heat to create the image on the paper with dye or ink from
ribbons or directly with pins.
Print ribbon
compartment
Page-wide thermal print
head
inside unit
Can produce photo-quality
output
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 29 of 35
Photo paper supply
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Various types of thermal printer are:
Types of Thermal Printers
Thermal dye transfer printer
Thermal wax transfer printer
Direct thermal printer
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 30 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Solid ink printers are printers that use ink from melted
lid i k ti k
Solid Ink Printers
solid-ink sticks.
Ink forced into print
Solid ink sticks head
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 31 of 35
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An impact printer is any type of printer that strikes a
t di tl i t th i k ibb t t
Impact Printers
component directly against the ink ribbon to create
characters on the paper.
Various types of impact printer are:
Dot-matrix printer
Formed-character printer
Line printer
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 32 of 35
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Impact Printers (Contd..)
Platen knob to
Pins strike ink advance paper
ribbon
Print head
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 33 of 35
Ribbon
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
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Activity 13-1
Activity on Discussing
Printer and Scanner
Technologies
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 34 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Summary
In this session, you learned that:
The power management technique provides power
management modes.
The laptops and portable computing devices have various
issues related to the maintenance and handling.
The printer and scanner technologies provides different
devices, such as laser and inkjet printers.
Ver. 1.0 Session 12 Slide 35 of 35
A+ Maintain and troubleshoot network connections
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Create network connections.
Install and configure web browsers.
Maintain and troubleshoot network connections.
Identify components that are specialized for laptops and
portable computing devices.
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 1 of 44
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Before creating network connection, you need to understand
Create Network Connections
the following:
IP address configuration methods
Name resolution with the Domain Name System (DNS)
WINS
Workgroups
Directory services
Active directory domains
Novell eDirectory
Network client options
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 2 of 44
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Configuration Methods for assigning addresses to IP hosts are:
IP Address Methods
Manual configuration
Automatic configuration with DHCP
Automatic configuration with APIPA
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 3 of 44
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IP Address Configuration Methods (Contd..)
169 254 16 21
192.168.100.1 192.168.100.2
169 254 46 128
Manual
169.254.46.128 169.254.16.21
DHCP server
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 4 of 44
169.254.3.22
DHCP
APIPA
No DHCP server
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with the Domain Name System (DNS)
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the primary name
Name Resolution resolution service:
On the Internet
On the private IP networks
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 5 of 44
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Name Resolution with the Domain Name System (DNS) (Contd..)
“.” Root
.gov .com .edu .org
everythingforcoffee ourglobalcompany citizensinfo
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 6 of 44
Host name = training.ourglobalcompany.com DNS client
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The Windows Internet Name Service (WINS):
WINS
Microsoft’s NetBIOS name resolution service
Reduce the number of NetBIOS name resolution
WINSClient02 WINSClient01
WINS database
239.175.75.11
WINSClient01 239.175.75.10
WINSClient02
WINSClient03 239.175.75.12
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 7 of 44
WINSClient03 WINS
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Workgroups
A workgroup is a Microsoft peer-to-peer network model.
User accounts
User accounts
User accounts
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 8 of 44
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A directory service is a centralized database that includes
Directory Services
objects:
Servers
Clients
A th ti ti Computers
User names
Passwords
Centralized
administration
Authentication
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 9 of 44
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Domains
The active directory domain:
Active Directory A Microsoft client/server network model
Domain controller
Active Directory
Domain member
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 10 of 44
Domain
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Novell eDirectory is Novell’s standards-based, enterprise-
Novell eDirectory
level directory service.
Hierarchical tree database
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 11 of 44
Novell eDirectory directory service NetWare server
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Network client options:
Network Client Options
Microsoft Client for Microsoft Networks
Microsoft Client Service for NetWare
Novell Client from Novell
Properties of Microsoft Client Service for NetWare:
Add Form Feed
Default Tree And context
Notify When Printed
Preferred Server
Print Banner
Run Login Script
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 12 of 44
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Activity 11-1
Activity on Configuring
TCP/IP Manually
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 13 of 44
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Activity 11-2
Activity on Configuring
TCP/IP Automatically
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 14 of 44
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Activity 11-3
Activity on Installing the
NetWare Client
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 15 of 44
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Activity 11-4
Activity on Removing the
NetWare Client
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 16 of 44
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and Before installing and configuring Web Browsers, you need
Install Configure Web Browsers
to understand following:
Web Browsers
Web Browser Settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 17 of 44
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The Web Browser:
Web Browsers
A software application
Helps locate and display web pages
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 18 of 44
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Web Browsers (Contd..)
Browser functionality
Interactive forms
y
and navigation
controls
Graphics
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 19 of 44
Text
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Settings
Web Browser settings:
Web Browser Homepage
History
Colors
Fonts
Languages
Accessibility
Security
Privacy
Advanced Settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 20 of 44
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Activity 11-5
Activity on Configuring a
Web Browser on a
Windows XP
Computer
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 21 of 44
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Maintain and Troubleshoot Network Connections
Before maintaining and troubleshooting network
ti d t d t d f ll i
connections, you need to understand following:
Preventative Maintenance Techniques
Networking Tools and Utilities
Cable Testers
Common Network Issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 22 of 44
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Maintenance Techniques
Preventative maintenance techniques:
Preventative Disk redundancies
UPS deployment
Backup and restore
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 23 of 44
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Networking tools and utilities:
Networking Tools and Utilities
ipconfig
ping
nslookup
tracert
Local Area Connection Status
Network Troubleshooters
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 24 of 44
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Cable Testers
A cable tester or a media tester:
An electrical instrument
Helps verify if a signal is present on a network cable
Ports for network cable
Displays media status
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 25 of 44
Adapters for different network
types
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Common network issues:
Common Network Issues
No connectivity or connection lost
Slow communications
Local connection but no Internet connection
Resource access problems
Connect by IP address not name
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 26 of 44
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Portable Computing Following are the laptop and portable computing device
t
Laptop and Device Components
components:
Laptop Computers
Portable Computing Devices
Mobile System Boards
Mobile Processors
Mobile Hard Drive Form Factors
Mobile Memory Form Factors
Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots
Mobile Device Ports
Mobile Device Peripheral Components
Power Supplies and Batteries
Mobile Input Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 27 of 44
Video Sharing
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A laptop computer:
Laptop Computers
Complete computer system
Small
Portable
Lightweight
Hardware components of laptop:
CPUs
Hard drives
Battery packs
Memory
Monitor
Key pad
Touch pad
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 28 of 44
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Laptop Computers (Contd..)
Latches
Display
Power button
Touch pad buttons (2)
Touch pad
Keyboard
USB port
Security cable slot Power connection jack
Parallel port
Docking port
Modem jack PC Card slots PS/2 port
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 29 of 44
Serial port Video out Audio ports
Video out jack for TV
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Portable Computing A device:
Devices
With computing capability
Portable
Movable
Various types are:
PDA
Tablet PC
Notebook
Sub-notebook
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 30 of 44
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Portable Computing Devices (Contd..)
case protect Stylus for entering data
into the PDA
Leather to PDA
screen
PDA running the Palm OS
Recharger and connection
to computer for replication
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 31 of 44
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Mobile System Boards
The mobile system board is the portable computing device
component that acts as the backbone for the entire system.
Smaller than PC system boards
Reduced power consumption
Power management and CPU throttling
Integrated components
Video
Sound
Network interface
USB/FireWire connections
Wireless interface
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 32 of 44
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Mobile Processors
The Mobile CPU, sometimes called mobile processor or just
processor.
Intel
Mobile Pentium MMX
Mobile Celeron
Mobile Pentium
AMD
Mobile AMD Athlon
Mobile AMD Sempron
Mobile AMD Turion
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 33 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Mobile Hard Drive Form Factors
A mobile hard drive a system component, stores and
saves data for reuse.
Can be unique to manufacturer and model
2.5-inch platters
Some run at slower speeds than standard PC hard drives
Can be difficult to access physically
Flash memory as alternative for more compact devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 34 of 44
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Mobile Memory Form Factors
The mobile memory is the mobile device component that
comprises the electronic storage areas.
Laptop memory packages:
SODIMM
MicroDIMM
Memory Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 35 of 44
Custom memory for a portable system
for Compaq Armada
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Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots
A mobile adapter card circuit board helps expand the
functionality of the mobile computer device.
I: Memory
II: Adapters
III: Miniature hard drives
Common uses for cards:
Modem
Network adapter (NIC)
Wireless network adapter
SCSI adapter
USB
IEEE 1394/FireWire
Bus types used by PC cards:
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 36 of 44
CardBus and Zoomed Video (ZV)
eXecute In Place (XIP)
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Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots (Contd..)
Uses CardBus;
is 54 mm wide by 85.6 mm long
Is inserted into a laptop PC
Card slot
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 37 of 44
5 mm thick
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Mobile Device Ports
Mobile device ports are Mini-PCI cards expand system
functionality.
I: Can be installed anywhere in the computer chassis Memory
II: Has built-in modem and network connectors
III: Uses a SODIMM connector
Mini-PCI card
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 38 of 44
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Mobile Peripheral Mobile device peripheral component uses:
Device Components
Docking stations
Port replicators
Media/accessory bays
Direct connection to ports on the mobile device
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 39 of 44
Port relicator Docking station
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Power Supplies and Batteries
Power supplies (adapter) are AC based and batteries are
DC based.
Types of batteries are:
Nickel Cadmium (NiCad)
Nickel Metal-Hydride (NiMH)
Li-Ion
Lithium Polymer
Zinc Air
Fuel Cell
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 40 of 44
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Power Supplies and Batteries (Contd..)
Power cord connects to power connector below,
and the other end plugs into an electrical outlet
Square connector with four
pins
Ni battery Li batteries
Rectangular connector
with three pins
Ni-MH Li-ion Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 41 of 44
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Mobile Input Devices
Mobile input devices are:
Touch screens
Touch pads
Mini keyboards
Thumb keyboards
Styluses
Function keys
Point sticks/track points
A laptop touchpad
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 42 of 44
A laptop keyboard
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In video sharing
Video Sharing
Integrated video controller shares system RAM
Uses RAM for buffering
Can prevent upgrading video, RAM, or both
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 43 of 44
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
How to create network connections using IP address
configuration methods and DSN technology.
How to configure web browser settings.
Preventative maintenance techniques and networking tools
help maintain and troubleshoot network connections.
Laptop and portable computing device has multiple
components, such as mobile system boards and processors.
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 44 of 44
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Create network connections.
Install and configure web browsers.
Maintain and troubleshoot network connections.
Identify components that are specialized for laptops and
portable computing devices.
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 1 of 44
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Before creating network connection, you need to understand
Create Network Connections
the following:
IP address configuration methods
Name resolution with the Domain Name System (DNS)
WINS
Workgroups
Directory services
Active directory domains
Novell eDirectory
Network client options
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 2 of 44
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Configuration Methods for assigning addresses to IP hosts are:
IP Address Methods
Manual configuration
Automatic configuration with DHCP
Automatic configuration with APIPA
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 3 of 44
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IP Address Configuration Methods (Contd..)
169 254 16 21
192.168.100.1 192.168.100.2
169 254 46 128
Manual
169.254.46.128 169.254.16.21
DHCP server
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 4 of 44
169.254.3.22
DHCP
APIPA
No DHCP server
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with the Domain Name System (DNS)
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the primary name
Name Resolution resolution service:
On the Internet
On the private IP networks
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 5 of 44
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Name Resolution with the Domain Name System (DNS) (Contd..)
“.” Root
.gov .com .edu .org
everythingforcoffee ourglobalcompany citizensinfo
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 6 of 44
Host name = training.ourglobalcompany.com DNS client
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The Windows Internet Name Service (WINS):
WINS
Microsoft’s NetBIOS name resolution service
Reduce the number of NetBIOS name resolution
WINSClient02 WINSClient01
WINS database
239.175.75.11
WINSClient01 239.175.75.10
WINSClient02
WINSClient03 239.175.75.12
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 7 of 44
WINSClient03 WINS
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Workgroups
A workgroup is a Microsoft peer-to-peer network model.
User accounts
User accounts
User accounts
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 8 of 44
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A directory service is a centralized database that includes
Directory Services
objects:
Servers
Clients
A th ti ti Computers
User names
Passwords
Centralized
administration
Authentication
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 9 of 44
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Domains
The active directory domain:
Active Directory A Microsoft client/server network model
Domain controller
Active Directory
Domain member
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 10 of 44
Domain
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Novell eDirectory is Novell’s standards-based, enterprise-
Novell eDirectory
level directory service.
Hierarchical tree database
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 11 of 44
Novell eDirectory directory service NetWare server
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Network client options:
Network Client Options
Microsoft Client for Microsoft Networks
Microsoft Client Service for NetWare
Novell Client from Novell
Properties of Microsoft Client Service for NetWare:
Add Form Feed
Default Tree And context
Notify When Printed
Preferred Server
Print Banner
Run Login Script
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 12 of 44
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Activity 11-1
Activity on Configuring
TCP/IP Manually
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 13 of 44
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Activity 11-2
Activity on Configuring
TCP/IP Automatically
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 14 of 44
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Activity 11-3
Activity on Installing the
NetWare Client
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 15 of 44
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Activity 11-4
Activity on Removing the
NetWare Client
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 16 of 44
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and Before installing and configuring Web Browsers, you need
Install Configure Web Browsers
to understand following:
Web Browsers
Web Browser Settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 17 of 44
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The Web Browser:
Web Browsers
A software application
Helps locate and display web pages
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 18 of 44
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Web Browsers (Contd..)
Browser functionality
Interactive forms
y
and navigation
controls
Graphics
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 19 of 44
Text
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Settings
Web Browser settings:
Web Browser Homepage
History
Colors
Fonts
Languages
Accessibility
Security
Privacy
Advanced Settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 20 of 44
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Activity 11-5
Activity on Configuring a
Web Browser on a
Windows XP
Computer
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 21 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Maintain and Troubleshoot Network Connections
Before maintaining and troubleshooting network
ti d t d t d f ll i
connections, you need to understand following:
Preventative Maintenance Techniques
Networking Tools and Utilities
Cable Testers
Common Network Issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 22 of 44
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Maintenance Techniques
Preventative maintenance techniques:
Preventative Disk redundancies
UPS deployment
Backup and restore
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 23 of 44
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Networking tools and utilities:
Networking Tools and Utilities
ipconfig
ping
nslookup
tracert
Local Area Connection Status
Network Troubleshooters
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 24 of 44
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Cable Testers
A cable tester or a media tester:
An electrical instrument
Helps verify if a signal is present on a network cable
Ports for network cable
Displays media status
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 25 of 44
Adapters for different network
types
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Common network issues:
Common Network Issues
No connectivity or connection lost
Slow communications
Local connection but no Internet connection
Resource access problems
Connect by IP address not name
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 26 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Portable Computing Following are the laptop and portable computing device
t
Laptop and Device Components
components:
Laptop Computers
Portable Computing Devices
Mobile System Boards
Mobile Processors
Mobile Hard Drive Form Factors
Mobile Memory Form Factors
Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots
Mobile Device Ports
Mobile Device Peripheral Components
Power Supplies and Batteries
Mobile Input Devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 27 of 44
Video Sharing
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
A laptop computer:
Laptop Computers
Complete computer system
Small
Portable
Lightweight
Hardware components of laptop:
CPUs
Hard drives
Battery packs
Memory
Monitor
Key pad
Touch pad
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 28 of 44
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Laptop Computers (Contd..)
Latches
Display
Power button
Touch pad buttons (2)
Touch pad
Keyboard
USB port
Security cable slot Power connection jack
Parallel port
Docking port
Modem jack PC Card slots PS/2 port
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 29 of 44
Serial port Video out Audio ports
Video out jack for TV
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Portable Computing A device:
Devices
With computing capability
Portable
Movable
Various types are:
PDA
Tablet PC
Notebook
Sub-notebook
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 30 of 44
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
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Portable Computing Devices (Contd..)
case protect Stylus for entering data
into the PDA
Leather to PDA
screen
PDA running the Palm OS
Recharger and connection
to computer for replication
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 31 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Mobile System Boards
The mobile system board is the portable computing device
component that acts as the backbone for the entire system.
Smaller than PC system boards
Reduced power consumption
Power management and CPU throttling
Integrated components
Video
Sound
Network interface
USB/FireWire connections
Wireless interface
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 32 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Mobile Processors
The Mobile CPU, sometimes called mobile processor or just
processor.
Intel
Mobile Pentium MMX
Mobile Celeron
Mobile Pentium
AMD
Mobile AMD Athlon
Mobile AMD Sempron
Mobile AMD Turion
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 33 of 44
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Mobile Hard Drive Form Factors
A mobile hard drive a system component, stores and
saves data for reuse.
Can be unique to manufacturer and model
2.5-inch platters
Some run at slower speeds than standard PC hard drives
Can be difficult to access physically
Flash memory as alternative for more compact devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 34 of 44
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Mobile Memory Form Factors
The mobile memory is the mobile device component that
comprises the electronic storage areas.
Laptop memory packages:
SODIMM
MicroDIMM
Memory Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 35 of 44
Custom memory for a portable system
for Compaq Armada
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Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots
A mobile adapter card circuit board helps expand the
functionality of the mobile computer device.
I: Memory
II: Adapters
III: Miniature hard drives
Common uses for cards:
Modem
Network adapter (NIC)
Wireless network adapter
SCSI adapter
USB
IEEE 1394/FireWire
Bus types used by PC cards:
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 36 of 44
CardBus and Zoomed Video (ZV)
eXecute In Place (XIP)
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Mobile Adapter Card Form Factors and Expansion Slots (Contd..)
Uses CardBus;
is 54 mm wide by 85.6 mm long
Is inserted into a laptop PC
Card slot
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 37 of 44
5 mm thick
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Mobile Device Ports
Mobile device ports are Mini-PCI cards expand system
functionality.
I: Can be installed anywhere in the computer chassis Memory
II: Has built-in modem and network connectors
III: Uses a SODIMM connector
Mini-PCI card
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 38 of 44
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Mobile Peripheral Mobile device peripheral component uses:
Device Components
Docking stations
Port replicators
Media/accessory bays
Direct connection to ports on the mobile device
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 39 of 44
Port relicator Docking station
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Power Supplies and Batteries
Power supplies (adapter) are AC based and batteries are
DC based.
Types of batteries are:
Nickel Cadmium (NiCad)
Nickel Metal-Hydride (NiMH)
Li-Ion
Lithium Polymer
Zinc Air
Fuel Cell
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 40 of 44
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Power Supplies and Batteries (Contd..)
Power cord connects to power connector below,
and the other end plugs into an electrical outlet
Square connector with four
pins
Ni battery Li batteries
Rectangular connector
with three pins
Ni-MH Li-ion Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 41 of 44
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Mobile Input Devices
Mobile input devices are:
Touch screens
Touch pads
Mini keyboards
Thumb keyboards
Styluses
Function keys
Point sticks/track points
A laptop touchpad
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 42 of 44
A laptop keyboard
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In video sharing
Video Sharing
Integrated video controller shares system RAM
Uses RAM for buffering
Can prevent upgrading video, RAM, or both
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 43 of 44
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
How to create network connections using IP address
configuration methods and DSN technology.
How to configure web browser settings.
Preventative maintenance techniques and networking tools
help maintain and troubleshoot network connections.
Laptop and portable computing device has multiple
components, such as mobile system boards and processors.
Ver. 1.0 Session 11 Slide 44 of 44
A+ Fundamental concepts of computer networks
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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Identify fundamental concepts of computer networks.
Identify network communications technologies.
Identify network connectivity technologies.
Identify Internet technologies.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 1 of 52
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concepts
For learning networking concepts, you need to understand
Network the following:
Networks
Network models
Network interface card characteristics
Twisted pair cables
RJ-45 twisted pair connectors
Coaxial cables
Coaxial cable and connector types
Fiber optic cables
Fiber optic connectors
Other network connection types
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 2 of 52
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A network:
Networks
Group of computers
Share resources
A network includes:
Network media
Network adapter
Network operating system
Network protocol
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 3 of 52
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Models
Network models:
Network Centralized
Client-server
Peer-to-peer
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 4 of 52
Centralized Client-server Peer-to-peer
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Network interface card characteristics:
Network Interface Card Characteristics
Network connection port
Physical network address
Status indicator lights
Physical Address
Port
Status Lights
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 5 of 52
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The twisted pair is a type of cable in which multiple
Twisted Pair Cables
insulated conductors are twisted around each other in pairs
and clad in a protective and insulating outer jacket.
Types:
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
Insulated jacket
Multiple pairs of
conductors
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 6 of 52
Wires twisted together
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RJ-Pair The RJ-45 connector is used on twisted pair cable.
RJ 45 Twisted Connectors
Eight pins
1 W/Green
2 Green
3 W/Orange
4 Blue
5 W/Blue
P3
P1 P2
6 Orange
7 W/Brown
8 Brown P4
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 7 of 52
Four pairs of wires
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Coaxial Cables
The coaxial cables, or coax, is a type of copper cable that
features a central conductor surrounded by braided or foil
shielding.
Braided shielding
Non-conductive
insulated coating
Single copper
conductor
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 8 of 52
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Cable and Connector Coaxial cable type:
Coaxial Types
5 mm/0.25 inch (“Thinnnet”)
10 mm/0.5 inch (“Thicknet”)
Connector types:
BNC connector
T-connector
BNC connector on thin
net cable
50-ohm resistor on Tconnector
T-connector
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 9 of 52
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The fiber optic cable is a type of network cable in which
Fiber Optic Cables
the core is one or more glass or plastic strands.
Fiber optic cable mode types:
Single-mode fiber
Step index multimode fiber
Graded index multimode fiber
Outer jacket Silica cladding
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 10 of 52
Inner jacket Glass or plastic core
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Optic Fiber Optic Connectors are:
Fiber Connectors
ST SC FC
FDDI Mini-BNC Biconic
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 11 of 52
LC SMA MT-RJ
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Network Connection Other network connection types:
Other Types
USB
Firewire
RS-232
Wireless
Firewire
USB
e e
RS-232 Wireless
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 12 of 52
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Activity 10-2
Activity on Identifying the
Local MAC Address
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 13 of 52
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For learning network communication, you need to
Network Communications
understand following:
Network protocols
Network addresses
The TCP/IP protocol
IP addresses
Subnet masks
IP address classes
The IPX/SPX and NWLink protocols
NetBIOS
NetBEUI
Network bandwidth
Full and half duplex communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 14 of 52
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A network protocol is software that provides the rules to
d t t k ti
Network Protocols
conduct network operations.
Common network protocol
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 15 of 52
Formats packet data
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A network address is an numeric identification code
i dt t k t di t k t l
Network Addresses
assigned to a network computer according network protocol.
Network address consist:
Network portion
Node portion
X.X.150.2
X.X.150.3
192 168 X Network portion of address = Street name
192.168.X.X
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 16 of 52
Node portion of address = House number
Complete address = Street name and house number
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP):
The TCP/IP Protocol
A nonproprietary, routable network protocol
Helps computers to communicate over all types of networks
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 17 of 52
TCP/IP
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An IP address is a 32-bit binary number assigned to a
t t k
IP Addresses
computer on a TCP/IP network.
An IP address consists:
Network segment
Node segment
Binary 11010000.01111011.00101101.00010010
Network Segment Node Segment
Decimal 208.123.45.18
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 18 of 52
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A subnet mask is a 32-bit number assigned to each
t
Subnet Masks
system.
Subnet mask divide the 32-bit binary IP address into: and
node portions.
Network portion
Node portion
139.87.140.76
Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
IP address
Removes the node portion of the IP
address
Network ID 139.87.140.0
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 19 of 52
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The IP address classes:
IP Address Classes
Address Class Range Default Subnet Mask Networks/Nodes
Class A 112.07..02.505 to.2 55.255 255.0.0.0 n1o2d6e nse etwaocrhks of up to 16,777,214
Class B 128.0.0.0 to
191.255. 255.255 255.255.0.0 16,382 networks of up to 65,534
nodes each
Class C 192.0.0.0 to 255 255 255 0 2,097,150 223.255.255 .255 255.255.255.0 networks of up to 254
nodes each
Class D 224.0.0.0 to
239.255.255.255 None All members of the multicast
session share the same IP address
Class E 240.0.0.0 to Strictly for research and
255.255.255.255 None experimentation purposes
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 20 of 52
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The IPX/SPX and NWLink Protocols
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet
Exchange (IPX/SPX) is a proprietary, routable network
protocol suite. NWLink
Windows
client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 21 of 52
IPX/SPX
Legacy Novell
NetWare server
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Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) a
ifi ti bl li ti d i t
NetBIOS
specification enables applications and services to use
different network protocols for network communicate.
NetBIOS
Enables network applications and services to TCP/IP
communicate
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 22 of 52
Network protocol transmits data
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NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) is a legacy
t lf d l i Wi d Nt k
NetBEUI
protocol found only in Windows Networks.
Client1
00-60-08-cd-34-64
Client2
00-60-08-cd-34-52
NetBEUI
Client3
00-80-5b-a3-8d-a8
Server1
00-aa-00-62-c6-09
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 23 of 52
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The bandwidth helps measure how much data a network
Network Bandwidth
can carry.
High Bandwidth
100 mbps
10 mbps
Low Bandwidth
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 24 of 52
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and Half The full duplex mode communications permit simultaneous
t i ti
Full Duplex Communications
two-way communications.
The half duplex mode communications permit two-way
communications, but in only one direction at a time.
Half duplex
One direction at a time
Full duplex
Both directions simultaneously
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 25 of 52
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Activity 10-4
Activity on Identifying
Local Network
Characteristics
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 26 of 52
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For learning networking connectivity, you need to
d t dth f ll i
Network Connectivity
understand the following:
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Ethernet
Dial-up Connections
Wireless Connections
802.11 Wireless Standards
Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
Bluetooth Communications
Infrared Connections
Cellular WAN Communications
Broadband Communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 27 of 52
Types of Broadband Communications
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Local Area Networks (LANs)
A LAN is a network that spans a small area, such as a
single building, floor, or room.
LAN 1 floor LAN 2 floor
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Wide Area Networks (WANs)
A WAN is a network that spans multiple geographic
locations.
Long-range transmissions
LAN 1 LAN 3
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 29 of 52
LAN 2
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Ethernet
An Ethernet network is a popular LAN implementation.
Ethernet network consists of:
Adapters
Contention-based media access
Twisted pair, coax, or fiber media
Ethernet
adapter
Media
types
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 30 of 52
Ethernet
Contention-based media adapter
access
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Dial-up Connections
The dial-up connections are network connections that use
telecommunications media.
Telecommunications media
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Wireless Connections
The wireless connections transmit signals without using
physical network media.
Infrared Satellite Radio
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802.11 Wireless Standards
The 802.11 standard is a family of specifications for wireless
LAN technology.
802.11 – IEEE working group
Important standards within the group:
802.11
802.11a
802.11b (“Wi-Fi”)
802.11e
802.11g
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 33 of 52
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Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
A Wireless Access Point (WAP) a device:
Provides connection between wireless devices
Enables wireless networks to connect to wired networks
WAP
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Bluetooth Communications
Bluetooth is a wireless radio protocol.
30 feet
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Infrared is a form of wireless connection in which signals are
Infrared Connections
sent via pulses of infrared light.
Infrared receiver Infrared mouse
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 36 of 52
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Cellular WAN Communications
A cellular WAN technology uses cellular radio signals to
transmit data over the cellular telephone system.
Cell Cell
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 37 of 52
Cell
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Broadband is a category of network transmission
Broadband Communications
technologies.
Multiple channels
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Types of Broadband Communications
Types of broadband communications are: DSL
DSL modem Phone company
Cable
Cable modem Cable TV provider
Satellite
ISDN – Legacy
ISDN
ISDN it h
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 39 of 52
adapter switch
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For learning internet technologies, you need to understand
Internet Technologies
the following:
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
SMTP
POP3
IMAP4
HTML
HTTP
SSL
HTTPS
Telnet
FTP
Voice Over IP (VoIP)
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 40 of 52
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An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
provides Internet access.
Broadband or dial-up
connection
ISP
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) sends email
SMTP
Client to server
Between server
Mail forwarded between servers Mail from client to server
Email server Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 42 of 52
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POP3
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3):
Helps email client to retrieve email from mail server
Stored in mailbox
Transferred to client when requested
POP3
Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 43 of 52
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IMAP4
Internet Mail Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4):
Helps web browser to retrieve messages from a mail server
Client works with mail as
IMAP4 server Email client
Mail managed on
server
if local
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 44 of 52
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Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the language to
HTML
create web based documents.
Page
structure
Page content
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HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
TCP/IP service
Helps clients to connect and interact with websites
Web client Web server
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Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):
SSL
A security protocol
Combines digital certificates with public-key data encryption
for authentication
Send certificate and public key
Request secure connection
Negotiate encryption
Web client SSL-enabled web server
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Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a secure
HTTPS
version of HTTP
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 48 of 52
SSL
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Telnet:
Telnet
A terminal emulation protocol
Helps user to simulate a session on a remote host
Telnet daemon
C:\> telnet 10.1.1.3
Password:
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 49 of 52
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP):
FTP
Helps upload or download files from an FTP file server
FTP daemon FTP utility
Transfer files
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 50 of 52
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Voice over IP (VoIP) is a transmission medium in which
i i l t ittd IPdt t k
Voice Over IP (VoIP)
voice signals are transmitted over IP data networks.
Voice signals
IP network
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 51 of 52
Data signals
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
There are various network related concepts, such as network
models and network connection types.
Network connections uses different kind of cables and
connectors.
Network uses network protocols and address for setting up
communication between computers.
Network connectivity processes uses LAN and WAN concepts.
ISPs provides internet technology related supports.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 52 of 52
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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Identify fundamental concepts of computer networks.
Identify network communications technologies.
Identify network connectivity technologies.
Identify Internet technologies.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 1 of 52
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concepts
For learning networking concepts, you need to understand
Network the following:
Networks
Network models
Network interface card characteristics
Twisted pair cables
RJ-45 twisted pair connectors
Coaxial cables
Coaxial cable and connector types
Fiber optic cables
Fiber optic connectors
Other network connection types
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 2 of 52
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A network:
Networks
Group of computers
Share resources
A network includes:
Network media
Network adapter
Network operating system
Network protocol
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 3 of 52
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Models
Network models:
Network Centralized
Client-server
Peer-to-peer
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 4 of 52
Centralized Client-server Peer-to-peer
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Network interface card characteristics:
Network Interface Card Characteristics
Network connection port
Physical network address
Status indicator lights
Physical Address
Port
Status Lights
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The twisted pair is a type of cable in which multiple
Twisted Pair Cables
insulated conductors are twisted around each other in pairs
and clad in a protective and insulating outer jacket.
Types:
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
Insulated jacket
Multiple pairs of
conductors
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 6 of 52
Wires twisted together
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RJ-Pair The RJ-45 connector is used on twisted pair cable.
RJ 45 Twisted Connectors
Eight pins
1 W/Green
2 Green
3 W/Orange
4 Blue
5 W/Blue
P3
P1 P2
6 Orange
7 W/Brown
8 Brown P4
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 7 of 52
Four pairs of wires
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Coaxial Cables
The coaxial cables, or coax, is a type of copper cable that
features a central conductor surrounded by braided or foil
shielding.
Braided shielding
Non-conductive
insulated coating
Single copper
conductor
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Cable and Connector Coaxial cable type:
Coaxial Types
5 mm/0.25 inch (“Thinnnet”)
10 mm/0.5 inch (“Thicknet”)
Connector types:
BNC connector
T-connector
BNC connector on thin
net cable
50-ohm resistor on Tconnector
T-connector
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The fiber optic cable is a type of network cable in which
Fiber Optic Cables
the core is one or more glass or plastic strands.
Fiber optic cable mode types:
Single-mode fiber
Step index multimode fiber
Graded index multimode fiber
Outer jacket Silica cladding
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 10 of 52
Inner jacket Glass or plastic core
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Optic Fiber Optic Connectors are:
Fiber Connectors
ST SC FC
FDDI Mini-BNC Biconic
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 11 of 52
LC SMA MT-RJ
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Network Connection Other network connection types:
Other Types
USB
Firewire
RS-232
Wireless
Firewire
USB
e e
RS-232 Wireless
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 12 of 52
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Activity 10-2
Activity on Identifying the
Local MAC Address
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 13 of 52
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For learning network communication, you need to
Network Communications
understand following:
Network protocols
Network addresses
The TCP/IP protocol
IP addresses
Subnet masks
IP address classes
The IPX/SPX and NWLink protocols
NetBIOS
NetBEUI
Network bandwidth
Full and half duplex communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 14 of 52
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A network protocol is software that provides the rules to
d t t k ti
Network Protocols
conduct network operations.
Common network protocol
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 15 of 52
Formats packet data
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A network address is an numeric identification code
i dt t k t di t k t l
Network Addresses
assigned to a network computer according network protocol.
Network address consist:
Network portion
Node portion
X.X.150.2
X.X.150.3
192 168 X Network portion of address = Street name
192.168.X.X
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 16 of 52
Node portion of address = House number
Complete address = Street name and house number
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP):
The TCP/IP Protocol
A nonproprietary, routable network protocol
Helps computers to communicate over all types of networks
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 17 of 52
TCP/IP
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An IP address is a 32-bit binary number assigned to a
t t k
IP Addresses
computer on a TCP/IP network.
An IP address consists:
Network segment
Node segment
Binary 11010000.01111011.00101101.00010010
Network Segment Node Segment
Decimal 208.123.45.18
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 18 of 52
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A subnet mask is a 32-bit number assigned to each
t
Subnet Masks
system.
Subnet mask divide the 32-bit binary IP address into: and
node portions.
Network portion
Node portion
139.87.140.76
Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
IP address
Removes the node portion of the IP
address
Network ID 139.87.140.0
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 19 of 52
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The IP address classes:
IP Address Classes
Address Class Range Default Subnet Mask Networks/Nodes
Class A 112.07..02.505 to.2 55.255 255.0.0.0 n1o2d6e nse etwaocrhks of up to 16,777,214
Class B 128.0.0.0 to
191.255. 255.255 255.255.0.0 16,382 networks of up to 65,534
nodes each
Class C 192.0.0.0 to 255 255 255 0 2,097,150 223.255.255 .255 255.255.255.0 networks of up to 254
nodes each
Class D 224.0.0.0 to
239.255.255.255 None All members of the multicast
session share the same IP address
Class E 240.0.0.0 to Strictly for research and
255.255.255.255 None experimentation purposes
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 20 of 52
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The IPX/SPX and NWLink Protocols
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet
Exchange (IPX/SPX) is a proprietary, routable network
protocol suite. NWLink
Windows
client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 21 of 52
IPX/SPX
Legacy Novell
NetWare server
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Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) a
ifi ti bl li ti d i t
NetBIOS
specification enables applications and services to use
different network protocols for network communicate.
NetBIOS
Enables network applications and services to TCP/IP
communicate
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 22 of 52
Network protocol transmits data
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NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) is a legacy
t lf d l i Wi d Nt k
NetBEUI
protocol found only in Windows Networks.
Client1
00-60-08-cd-34-64
Client2
00-60-08-cd-34-52
NetBEUI
Client3
00-80-5b-a3-8d-a8
Server1
00-aa-00-62-c6-09
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 23 of 52
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The bandwidth helps measure how much data a network
Network Bandwidth
can carry.
High Bandwidth
100 mbps
10 mbps
Low Bandwidth
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 24 of 52
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and Half The full duplex mode communications permit simultaneous
t i ti
Full Duplex Communications
two-way communications.
The half duplex mode communications permit two-way
communications, but in only one direction at a time.
Half duplex
One direction at a time
Full duplex
Both directions simultaneously
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 25 of 52
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Activity 10-4
Activity on Identifying
Local Network
Characteristics
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 26 of 52
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For learning networking connectivity, you need to
d t dth f ll i
Network Connectivity
understand the following:
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Ethernet
Dial-up Connections
Wireless Connections
802.11 Wireless Standards
Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
Bluetooth Communications
Infrared Connections
Cellular WAN Communications
Broadband Communications
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 27 of 52
Types of Broadband Communications
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Local Area Networks (LANs)
A LAN is a network that spans a small area, such as a
single building, floor, or room.
LAN 1 floor LAN 2 floor
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Wide Area Networks (WANs)
A WAN is a network that spans multiple geographic
locations.
Long-range transmissions
LAN 1 LAN 3
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 29 of 52
LAN 2
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Ethernet
An Ethernet network is a popular LAN implementation.
Ethernet network consists of:
Adapters
Contention-based media access
Twisted pair, coax, or fiber media
Ethernet
adapter
Media
types
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 30 of 52
Ethernet
Contention-based media adapter
access
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Dial-up Connections
The dial-up connections are network connections that use
telecommunications media.
Telecommunications media
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Wireless Connections
The wireless connections transmit signals without using
physical network media.
Infrared Satellite Radio
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802.11 Wireless Standards
The 802.11 standard is a family of specifications for wireless
LAN technology.
802.11 – IEEE working group
Important standards within the group:
802.11
802.11a
802.11b (“Wi-Fi”)
802.11e
802.11g
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 33 of 52
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Wireless Access Points (WAPs)
A Wireless Access Point (WAP) a device:
Provides connection between wireless devices
Enables wireless networks to connect to wired networks
WAP
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Bluetooth Communications
Bluetooth is a wireless radio protocol.
30 feet
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Infrared is a form of wireless connection in which signals are
Infrared Connections
sent via pulses of infrared light.
Infrared receiver Infrared mouse
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 36 of 52
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Cellular WAN Communications
A cellular WAN technology uses cellular radio signals to
transmit data over the cellular telephone system.
Cell Cell
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 37 of 52
Cell
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Broadband is a category of network transmission
Broadband Communications
technologies.
Multiple channels
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Types of Broadband Communications
Types of broadband communications are: DSL
DSL modem Phone company
Cable
Cable modem Cable TV provider
Satellite
ISDN – Legacy
ISDN
ISDN it h
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 39 of 52
adapter switch
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For learning internet technologies, you need to understand
Internet Technologies
the following:
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
SMTP
POP3
IMAP4
HTML
HTTP
SSL
HTTPS
Telnet
FTP
Voice Over IP (VoIP)
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 40 of 52
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An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
provides Internet access.
Broadband or dial-up
connection
ISP
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) sends email
SMTP
Client to server
Between server
Mail forwarded between servers Mail from client to server
Email server Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 42 of 52
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POP3
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3):
Helps email client to retrieve email from mail server
Stored in mailbox
Transferred to client when requested
POP3
Email server Email client
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 43 of 52
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IMAP4
Internet Mail Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4):
Helps web browser to retrieve messages from a mail server
Client works with mail as
IMAP4 server Email client
Mail managed on
server
if local
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 44 of 52
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Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the language to
HTML
create web based documents.
Page
structure
This is the text of the web page.
Page content
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HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
TCP/IP service
Helps clients to connect and interact with websites
Web client Web server
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Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):
SSL
A security protocol
Combines digital certificates with public-key data encryption
for authentication
Send certificate and public key
Request secure connection
Negotiate encryption
Web client SSL-enabled web server
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Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a secure
HTTPS
version of HTTP
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 48 of 52
SSL
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Telnet:
Telnet
A terminal emulation protocol
Helps user to simulate a session on a remote host
Telnet daemon
C:\> telnet 10.1.1.3
Password:
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP):
FTP
Helps upload or download files from an FTP file server
FTP daemon FTP utility
Transfer files
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Voice over IP (VoIP) is a transmission medium in which
i i l t ittd IPdt t k
Voice Over IP (VoIP)
voice signals are transmitted over IP data networks.
Voice signals
IP network
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 51 of 52
Data signals
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
There are various network related concepts, such as network
models and network connection types.
Network connections uses different kind of cables and
connectors.
Network uses network protocols and address for setting up
communication between computers.
Network connectivity processes uses LAN and WAN concepts.
ISPs provides internet technology related supports.
Ver. 1.0 Session 10 Slide 52 of 52
A+ Troubleshoot Windows.
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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Identify Windows operating system utilities to use in
maintenance and troubleshooting.
Perform backups.
Troubleshoot Windows.
Recover a damaged installation of Windows.
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 1 of 35
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For learning operating system utilities, you need to
Operating System Utilities
understand the following:
File management tools
Disk management tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 2 of 35
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File File management tools are:
Management Tools
Windows Explorer
Command-line tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 3 of 35
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Disk management tools are:
Disk Management Tools
Disk management
Chkdsk
Format
Diskpart
Defrag
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 4 of 35
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System management tools are:
System Management Tools
Device Manager
Task Manager
System Configuration Utility
System Information Utility
Event Viewer
Registry Editor
Computer Management
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 5 of 35
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Maintain For maintaining Microsoft Windows, you need to understand
Microsoft Windows
the following:
Backup and restore
The Windows backup utility
System state data
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 6 of 35
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The backup is a system maintenance task that helps store
Backup and Restore
copies of data on another data storage medium.
Copies of Data
Data Backup Process
Primary Storage Medium Secondary Storage Medium
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 7 of 35
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Backup and Restore (Contd..)
The restore is a system recovery task that helps access the
backed-up data.
Copies of Data
Data Backup Process
Primary Storage Medium Secondary Storage Medium
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 8 of 35
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The backup utility helps back up and restore files on local
The Windows Backup Utility
and remote Windows systems.
The Backup types are:
Copy
Daily
Differential
Incremental
Normal
The built-in Windows
The built-in Windows Backup utilities are:
Windows File Protection (WFP)
System File Checker
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 9 of 35
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The Windows Backup Utility (Contd..)
Back up or restore
Local or remote backups
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 10 of 35
Backup set Select backup media
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The system state is a subset of system components.
System State Data
The system state data is:
Backed up as a unit
The system state data consists of:
Boot files
System files protected by WFP
The Registry
COM+ object registrations
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 11 of 35
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Activity 9-3
Activity on Backing Up
System State Data
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 12 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting Microsoft Windows, you need to
Troubleshoot Microsoft Windows
understand the following:
System stop errors
System lockup errors
Input/Output device issues
Application errors
Boot errors
Error and warning messages in Event Viewer
Registry error messages
Remote diagnostic and troubleshooting tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 13 of 35
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The system stop errors are errors:
System Stop Errors
Severe enough to stop all processes
Shut the system down without warning
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 14 of 35
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System Stop Errors (Contd..)
System shut down
Summary statement
Memory data
Blue background
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 15 of 35
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A lockup error is an error condition in which:.
System Lockup Errors
The system or an application stops responding user input.
Non-responsive state
Application title
Freezes, goes blank
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 16 of 35
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The input/output devices issues are:
Input/Output Device Issues
Missing or loose connections
Blocked wireless signals
Missing or incorrect driver
Misconfigured display settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 17 of 35
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Common application errors are:
Application Errors
Application won’t install
Application won’t start or load
Application not found
General Protection Fault
Illegal operation
Invalid working directory
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 18 of 35
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Common boot errors are:
Boot Errors
POST errors
Invalid boot disk
Inaccessible boot device
Missing NTLDR
Other missing startup files
Device or service failed during startup
Device or program in registry not found
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 19 of 35
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Warning Messages in Event In Event Viewer, the structure of event log entries are:
Error and Viewer
Type
Source
Category
Event
User
Computer
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 20 of 35
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Error and Warning Messages in Event Viewer (Contd..)
Sources of messages
System log
Warning
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 21 of 35
Error
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Common registry error messages are:
Registry Error Messages
Stop errors or other errors
Registry access, value entries, or files
Maintain registry backups
Find errors in KnowledgeBase
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 22 of 35
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Tools for remote diagnostic and troubleshooting are:
Remote Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Tools
Remote Desktop
Remote Assistance
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 23 of 35
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For recovering Microsoft Windows, you need to understand
f ll i
Recover Microsoft Windows
following:
System restore
Safe mode
Last Known good
Recovery console
Windows boot disk
Automated System Recovery (ASR)
Repair installations
Windows system issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 24 of 35
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The system restore utility monitors the system to make
h it
System Restore
changes into:
Core system files
Drivers
Registries
Type of restore points are:
Initial system checkpoints
System checkpoints
Program name installation
Auto update
Manually created
Restore operation
Unsigned device driver
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 25 of 35
Backup utility recovery
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System Restore (Contd..)
Restore system to earlier state
Automatic restore points
Manual restore points
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 26 of 35
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Safe Mode
The safe mode:
Is a Windows system startup method
loads only a minimal set of drivers and services
Omits non-critical items from boot sequence
The safe mode boot options are:
Safe mode
Safe mode with networking
Safe mode with command prompt
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 27 of 35
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Last Known Good
Last Known Good is an advanced boot option.
Last Known Good
Control Set
Last Known Good
Control Set
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 28 of 35
1 Successful logon 2 System fails 3 Reboot to Last Known Good
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Recovery Console
The recovery console:
Is a minimal, administrative version of Windows
Helps manage files and disks
Helps correct boot problems
Helps enable and disable services
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 29 of 35
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Windows Boot Disk
A windows boot disk:
Starts system if key files are missing or damaged
Not a complete OS
The Windows boot disk includes:
Boot.ini
Ntldr
Ntdetect.com
Bootsect.dos (if present)
Ntbootdd.sys, (if present)
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 30 of 35
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Automated System Recovery (ASR)
ASR helps rebuild a failed computer system.
To perform ASR, you need:
Windows installation CD-ROM
ASR floppy disk,
ASR backup set
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 31 of 35
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Automated System Recovery (ASR) (Contd..)
Prepare for ASR
System fails
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 32 of 35
Use Setup to launch
ASR
ASR floppy disk provides
Setup Information
Setup installs OS ASR backup set restores
system configuration
1 2 3 4
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Repair Installations
For repair installation, you can use:
Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
Recovery Partitions
ERD
Repair Information
Windows Setup
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 33 of 35
Recovery Partition
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Windows System Issues
Windows system issues are:
General issues
Memory issues
Disk issues
CPU issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 34 of 35
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
Operating system provides utilities for file, disk and system
management.
For maintaining Microsoft Windows, you may use Windows
backup utilities.
There are various types of errors, such as system stop errors
and application errors.
For recovery Microsoft Windows, you may use system restore
utilities.
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 35 of 35
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Identify Windows operating system utilities to use in
maintenance and troubleshooting.
Perform backups.
Troubleshoot Windows.
Recover a damaged installation of Windows.
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 1 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
For learning operating system utilities, you need to
Operating System Utilities
understand the following:
File management tools
Disk management tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 2 of 35
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File File management tools are:
Management Tools
Windows Explorer
Command-line tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 3 of 35
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Disk management tools are:
Disk Management Tools
Disk management
Chkdsk
Format
Diskpart
Defrag
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 4 of 35
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System management tools are:
System Management Tools
Device Manager
Task Manager
System Configuration Utility
System Information Utility
Event Viewer
Registry Editor
Computer Management
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 5 of 35
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Maintain For maintaining Microsoft Windows, you need to understand
Microsoft Windows
the following:
Backup and restore
The Windows backup utility
System state data
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 6 of 35
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The backup is a system maintenance task that helps store
Backup and Restore
copies of data on another data storage medium.
Copies of Data
Data Backup Process
Primary Storage Medium Secondary Storage Medium
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 7 of 35
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Backup and Restore (Contd..)
The restore is a system recovery task that helps access the
backed-up data.
Copies of Data
Data Backup Process
Primary Storage Medium Secondary Storage Medium
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 8 of 35
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The backup utility helps back up and restore files on local
The Windows Backup Utility
and remote Windows systems.
The Backup types are:
Copy
Daily
Differential
Incremental
Normal
The built-in Windows
The built-in Windows Backup utilities are:
Windows File Protection (WFP)
System File Checker
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 9 of 35
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The Windows Backup Utility (Contd..)
Back up or restore
Local or remote backups
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 10 of 35
Backup set Select backup media
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The system state is a subset of system components.
System State Data
The system state data is:
Backed up as a unit
The system state data consists of:
Boot files
System files protected by WFP
The Registry
COM+ object registrations
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 11 of 35
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Activity 9-3
Activity on Backing Up
System State Data
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 12 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting Microsoft Windows, you need to
Troubleshoot Microsoft Windows
understand the following:
System stop errors
System lockup errors
Input/Output device issues
Application errors
Boot errors
Error and warning messages in Event Viewer
Registry error messages
Remote diagnostic and troubleshooting tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 13 of 35
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The system stop errors are errors:
System Stop Errors
Severe enough to stop all processes
Shut the system down without warning
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 14 of 35
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System Stop Errors (Contd..)
System shut down
Summary statement
Memory data
Blue background
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 15 of 35
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A lockup error is an error condition in which:.
System Lockup Errors
The system or an application stops responding user input.
Non-responsive state
Application title
Freezes, goes blank
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 16 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The input/output devices issues are:
Input/Output Device Issues
Missing or loose connections
Blocked wireless signals
Missing or incorrect driver
Misconfigured display settings
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 17 of 35
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Common application errors are:
Application Errors
Application won’t install
Application won’t start or load
Application not found
General Protection Fault
Illegal operation
Invalid working directory
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 18 of 35
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Common boot errors are:
Boot Errors
POST errors
Invalid boot disk
Inaccessible boot device
Missing NTLDR
Other missing startup files
Device or service failed during startup
Device or program in registry not found
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 19 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Warning Messages in Event In Event Viewer, the structure of event log entries are:
Error and Viewer
Type
Source
Category
Event
User
Computer
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 20 of 35
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Error and Warning Messages in Event Viewer (Contd..)
Sources of messages
System log
Warning
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 21 of 35
Error
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Common registry error messages are:
Registry Error Messages
Stop errors or other errors
Registry access, value entries, or files
Maintain registry backups
Find errors in KnowledgeBase
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 22 of 35
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Tools for remote diagnostic and troubleshooting are:
Remote Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Tools
Remote Desktop
Remote Assistance
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 23 of 35
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
For recovering Microsoft Windows, you need to understand
f ll i
Recover Microsoft Windows
following:
System restore
Safe mode
Last Known good
Recovery console
Windows boot disk
Automated System Recovery (ASR)
Repair installations
Windows system issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 24 of 35
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The system restore utility monitors the system to make
h it
System Restore
changes into:
Core system files
Drivers
Registries
Type of restore points are:
Initial system checkpoints
System checkpoints
Program name installation
Auto update
Manually created
Restore operation
Unsigned device driver
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 25 of 35
Backup utility recovery
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System Restore (Contd..)
Restore system to earlier state
Automatic restore points
Manual restore points
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 26 of 35
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Safe Mode
The safe mode:
Is a Windows system startup method
loads only a minimal set of drivers and services
Omits non-critical items from boot sequence
The safe mode boot options are:
Safe mode
Safe mode with networking
Safe mode with command prompt
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 27 of 35
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Last Known Good
Last Known Good is an advanced boot option.
Last Known Good
Control Set
Last Known Good
Control Set
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 28 of 35
1 Successful logon 2 System fails 3 Reboot to Last Known Good
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Recovery Console
The recovery console:
Is a minimal, administrative version of Windows
Helps manage files and disks
Helps correct boot problems
Helps enable and disable services
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 29 of 35
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Windows Boot Disk
A windows boot disk:
Starts system if key files are missing or damaged
Not a complete OS
The Windows boot disk includes:
Boot.ini
Ntldr
Ntdetect.com
Bootsect.dos (if present)
Ntbootdd.sys, (if present)
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 30 of 35
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Automated System Recovery (ASR)
ASR helps rebuild a failed computer system.
To perform ASR, you need:
Windows installation CD-ROM
ASR floppy disk,
ASR backup set
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 31 of 35
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Automated System Recovery (ASR) (Contd..)
Prepare for ASR
System fails
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 32 of 35
Use Setup to launch
ASR
ASR floppy disk provides
Setup Information
Setup installs OS ASR backup set restores
system configuration
1 2 3 4
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Repair Installations
For repair installation, you can use:
Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
Recovery Partitions
ERD
Repair Information
Windows Setup
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 33 of 35
Recovery Partition
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Windows System Issues
Windows system issues are:
General issues
Memory issues
Disk issues
CPU issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 34 of 35
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
Operating system provides utilities for file, disk and system
management.
For maintaining Microsoft Windows, you may use Windows
backup utilities.
There are various types of errors, such as system stop errors
and application errors.
For recovery Microsoft Windows, you may use system restore
utilities.
Ver. 1.0 Session 9 Slide 35 of 35
A+ Install Microsoft Windows
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In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Install Microsoft Windows.
Upgrade Windows from a given version to a later version.
Add devices to an installation of Microsoft Windows.
Optimize an installation of Microsoft Windows.
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 1 of 30
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Before installing Microsoft Windows, you need to
Install Microsoft Windows
understand the following:
Windows system requirements
Hardware compatibility
Installation methods
Installation options
Windows update
Microsoft product activation
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 2 of 30
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Windows System Requirements
Operating System Requirements
•Pentium 133 MHz or greater
Windows 2000 Professional
•32 MB RAM required (64 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 2 GB with 1 GB free space
•VGA video adapter
•Keyboard, mouse
Windows XP Professional
•233 MHz minimum (300 MHz recommended),
various processors
•64 MB RAM required (128 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 1.5 GB free space
•Super VGA video adapter
•Keyboard, mouse
•233 MHz minimum (300 MHz recommended),
Windows XP Home
various processors
•64 MB RAM required (128 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 1.5 GB free space
•Super VGA video adapter
K b d
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 3 of 30
•Keyboard, mouse
Windows XP Media Center Media Center PC
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Options for checking hardware compatibility are:
Hardware Compatibility
Check all hardware manual
Perform Microsoft tests for different versions
Windows Marketplace Tested Products List
Microsoft Windows Setup Advisor
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 4 of 30
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Methods
Installation methods for Windows are:
Installation Local source
Network source
Unattended
System imaging
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 5 of 30
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Options
Installation options for Windows are:
Installation Disk and file system
Regional, date and time settings
Computer name
Network settings
Workgroup or domain membership
Internet connection
Local accounts
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 6 of 30
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Windows Update
3 categories of
updates
Obtain latest
updates
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 7 of 30
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Microsoft Product Activation
Anti-piracy technology
Activation methods
Grace period
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 8 of 30
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Activity 8-1
Activity on Installing
Windows XP Home
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 9 of 30
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Before updating Windows, you need to understand the
Upgrade Windows
following:
Supported upgrade paths
Hardware upgrade compatibility
Software upgrade compatibility
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 10 of 30
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Following is the supported upgrade path for Windows:
Supported Upgrade Paths
Current Operating System Can Be Upgraded To
Windows 95 Windows 98, Windows 2000 Professional
Windows 98 / 98 SE / Me Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP Professional
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP Professional
Windows 2000 Professional Windows XP Professional, Windows Vista
Windows XP Home Edition Windows XP Professional
Windows XP Professional Windows Vista
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 11 of 30
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To find hardware upgrade compatibility you need to:
Hardware Upgrade Compatibility
Check against tested products list
Run Windows setup advisor
Setup will run compatibility check
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 12 of 30
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To find software upgrade compatibility you need to:
Software Upgrade Compatibility
Check against tested products list
Run Windows setup advisor
Setup will run compatibility check
Legacy applications might need compatibility fixes
Select compatibility mode after upgrade
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 13 of 30
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Before adding devices to Windows, you need to understand
Add Devices to Windows
the following:
Driver signing
Unsigned driver installation options
Installation permissions
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 14 of 30
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A signed device driver is:
Driver Signing
A driver that has been tested and verified for a particular
operating system.
A driver includes piece of encrypted data, called a digital
signature.
A driver which cannot been altered.
A driver does not overwrite files.
Driver tested and
verified
Encrypted signature
attached
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 15 of 30
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Installation Options
There are three driver-signing options:
Unsigned Driver Ignore
Warm
Block
Driver-signing
options
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 16 of 30
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Permissions
Installation permissions are:
Installation Administrators can install permanent devices
Users can install Plug and Play devices only
permanent
devices
Plug and Play
devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 17 of 30
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Activity 8-6
Activity on Configuring
Driver Signing Verification
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 18 of 30
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Before optimizing Windows, you need to understand the
f ll i
Optimize Windows
following:
Virtual memory
The virtual memory process
Windows services
The windows XP boot process
Temporary files
Windows optimization software tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 19 of 30
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Virtual Virtual memory is the ability of the computer system to use
ti f th h d di k h i l RAM
Memory
a portion of the hard disk as if it were physical RAM.
Physical memory
4 GB
Virtual memory addresses
Virtual Memory Manager
Pagefile.sys
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 20 of 30
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Memory Following are the steps to store data in virtual memory:
The Virtual Process
1. Application requests memory
2. VMM assigns memory page
3. Application stores data
4. VMM maps to physical RAM
5. VMM moves data to pagefile when RAM full
Virtual Memory Manager
1
Memory page
y g
3
2
4 5
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 21 of 30
Pagefile.sys
Virtual memory addresses
4GB
Physical memory
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Virtual Memory Following are the steps for retrieving data from virtual
The Process (Contd..)
memory:
1 2
5
Virtual Memory Manager Physical memory
3
4
1. Application requests data
2. VMM determines physical RAM location
3 generates 3. VMM page fault if not in RAM
4. VMM loads data from disk to RAM
5. Application retrieves data
Pagefile.sys
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 22 of 30
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A Windows service is a background process that performs
ifi ti
Windows Services
a specific operation.
Startup type of Windows services can be:
Automatic
Manual
Disable
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 23 of 30
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Windows Services (Contd..)
Windows services
startup Type
Windows services
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 24 of 30
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The sequences occur during the Windows XP Professional
b t
The Windows XP Boot Process
boot process are:
Pre-boot sequence
Boot sequence
Kernel load sequence
Kernel initiation sequence
Logon sequence
Pre-boot Boot Kernel load Kernel initialization Logon
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 25 of 30
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Temporary files:
Temporary Files
Contains temporary information required by Windows
operating system, applications, and services.
Often have an extension of *.tmp or *.temp.
May store in a folder called \Windows\Temp or \Tmp.
Windows operating system
Windows applications
C:\ Temp
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 26 of 30
Windows services
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Activity 8-8
Activity on Viewing
Windows Temporary Files
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 27 of 30
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Software Software tools to optimize Windows performance are:
Windows Optimization Tools
Virtual memory
Hard drives
Temporary files
Windows services
Startup
Applications
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 28 of 30
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Activity 8-10
Activity on Disabling the
Remote Registry Service
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 29 of 30
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
Before installing Microsoft Windows you need to find what are
the Windows system requirements.
There are various Windows installation methods, such as
Local and Network source.
Installation options includes disk and file system, regional,
date and time settings, computer name and network settings.
Windows provide update options, such as supported upgrade
path, hardware and software compatibility.
Virtual memory stores and allows retrieve data from memory.
Pre-boot, boot, Logon, kernel load and initiation sequence
occur during Windows booting process.
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 30 of 30
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Install Microsoft Windows.
Upgrade Windows from a given version to a later version.
Add devices to an installation of Microsoft Windows.
Optimize an installation of Microsoft Windows.
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 1 of 30
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before installing Microsoft Windows, you need to
Install Microsoft Windows
understand the following:
Windows system requirements
Hardware compatibility
Installation methods
Installation options
Windows update
Microsoft product activation
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 2 of 30
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Windows System Requirements
Operating System Requirements
•Pentium 133 MHz or greater
Windows 2000 Professional
•32 MB RAM required (64 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 2 GB with 1 GB free space
•VGA video adapter
•Keyboard, mouse
Windows XP Professional
•233 MHz minimum (300 MHz recommended),
various processors
•64 MB RAM required (128 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 1.5 GB free space
•Super VGA video adapter
•Keyboard, mouse
•233 MHz minimum (300 MHz recommended),
Windows XP Home
various processors
•64 MB RAM required (128 MB recommended)
•Hard disk: 1.5 GB free space
•Super VGA video adapter
K b d
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 3 of 30
•Keyboard, mouse
Windows XP Media Center Media Center PC
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Options for checking hardware compatibility are:
Hardware Compatibility
Check all hardware manual
Perform Microsoft tests for different versions
Windows Marketplace Tested Products List
Microsoft Windows Setup Advisor
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 4 of 30
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Methods
Installation methods for Windows are:
Installation Local source
Network source
Unattended
System imaging
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 5 of 30
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Options
Installation options for Windows are:
Installation Disk and file system
Regional, date and time settings
Computer name
Network settings
Workgroup or domain membership
Internet connection
Local accounts
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 6 of 30
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Windows Update
3 categories of
updates
Obtain latest
updates
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 7 of 30
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Microsoft Product Activation
Anti-piracy technology
Activation methods
Grace period
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 8 of 30
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Activity 8-1
Activity on Installing
Windows XP Home
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 9 of 30
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Before updating Windows, you need to understand the
Upgrade Windows
following:
Supported upgrade paths
Hardware upgrade compatibility
Software upgrade compatibility
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 10 of 30
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following is the supported upgrade path for Windows:
Supported Upgrade Paths
Current Operating System Can Be Upgraded To
Windows 95 Windows 98, Windows 2000 Professional
Windows 98 / 98 SE / Me Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP Professional
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP Professional
Windows 2000 Professional Windows XP Professional, Windows Vista
Windows XP Home Edition Windows XP Professional
Windows XP Professional Windows Vista
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 11 of 30
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To find hardware upgrade compatibility you need to:
Hardware Upgrade Compatibility
Check against tested products list
Run Windows setup advisor
Setup will run compatibility check
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 12 of 30
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To find software upgrade compatibility you need to:
Software Upgrade Compatibility
Check against tested products list
Run Windows setup advisor
Setup will run compatibility check
Legacy applications might need compatibility fixes
Select compatibility mode after upgrade
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 13 of 30
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before adding devices to Windows, you need to understand
Add Devices to Windows
the following:
Driver signing
Unsigned driver installation options
Installation permissions
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 14 of 30
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
A signed device driver is:
Driver Signing
A driver that has been tested and verified for a particular
operating system.
A driver includes piece of encrypted data, called a digital
signature.
A driver which cannot been altered.
A driver does not overwrite files.
Driver tested and
verified
Encrypted signature
attached
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 15 of 30
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Installation Options
There are three driver-signing options:
Unsigned Driver Ignore
Warm
Block
Driver-signing
options
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 16 of 30
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Permissions
Installation permissions are:
Installation Administrators can install permanent devices
Users can install Plug and Play devices only
permanent
devices
Plug and Play
devices
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 17 of 30
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Activity 8-6
Activity on Configuring
Driver Signing Verification
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 18 of 30
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Before optimizing Windows, you need to understand the
f ll i
Optimize Windows
following:
Virtual memory
The virtual memory process
Windows services
The windows XP boot process
Temporary files
Windows optimization software tools
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 19 of 30
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Virtual Virtual memory is the ability of the computer system to use
ti f th h d di k h i l RAM
Memory
a portion of the hard disk as if it were physical RAM.
Physical memory
4 GB
Virtual memory addresses
Virtual Memory Manager
Pagefile.sys
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 20 of 30
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Memory Following are the steps to store data in virtual memory:
The Virtual Process
1. Application requests memory
2. VMM assigns memory page
3. Application stores data
4. VMM maps to physical RAM
5. VMM moves data to pagefile when RAM full
Virtual Memory Manager
1
Memory page
y g
3
2
4 5
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 21 of 30
Pagefile.sys
Virtual memory addresses
4GB
Physical memory
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Virtual Memory Following are the steps for retrieving data from virtual
The Process (Contd..)
memory:
1 2
5
Virtual Memory Manager Physical memory
3
4
1. Application requests data
2. VMM determines physical RAM location
3 generates 3. VMM page fault if not in RAM
4. VMM loads data from disk to RAM
5. Application retrieves data
Pagefile.sys
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 22 of 30
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A Windows service is a background process that performs
ifi ti
Windows Services
a specific operation.
Startup type of Windows services can be:
Automatic
Manual
Disable
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 23 of 30
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Windows Services (Contd..)
Windows services
startup Type
Windows services
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 24 of 30
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The sequences occur during the Windows XP Professional
b t
The Windows XP Boot Process
boot process are:
Pre-boot sequence
Boot sequence
Kernel load sequence
Kernel initiation sequence
Logon sequence
Pre-boot Boot Kernel load Kernel initialization Logon
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 25 of 30
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Temporary files:
Temporary Files
Contains temporary information required by Windows
operating system, applications, and services.
Often have an extension of *.tmp or *.temp.
May store in a folder called \Windows\Temp or \Tmp.
Windows operating system
Windows applications
C:\ Temp
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 26 of 30
Windows services
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Activity 8-8
Activity on Viewing
Windows Temporary Files
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 27 of 30
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Software Software tools to optimize Windows performance are:
Windows Optimization Tools
Virtual memory
Hard drives
Temporary files
Windows services
Startup
Applications
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 28 of 30
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Activity 8-10
Activity on Disabling the
Remote Registry Service
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 29 of 30
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Summary
In this session, you learned that:
Before installing Microsoft Windows you need to find what are
the Windows system requirements.
There are various Windows installation methods, such as
Local and Network source.
Installation options includes disk and file system, regional,
date and time settings, computer name and network settings.
Windows provide update options, such as supported upgrade
path, hardware and software compatibility.
Virtual memory stores and allows retrieve data from memory.
Pre-boot, boot, Logon, kernel load and initiation sequence
occur during Windows booting process.
Ver. 1.0 Session 8 Slide 30 of 30
A+ troubleshoot power supplies.
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Test and troubleshoot power supplies.
Test and troubleshoot memory.
Test and troubleshoot CPUs.
Test and troubleshoot system boards.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 1 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting power supplies, you need to
Troubleshoot Power Supplies
understand the following:
Common power problems
Common power supply issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 2 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the various common power problems:
Common Power Problems
Line noise
Power sag
Brownouts
Frequency variations
Overvoltage
Power failure
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 3 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the various common power supply problems:
Common Power Supply Issues
Fan doesn’t work.
Computer won’t start.
Noise coming from power supply.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 4 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The Power Supply wire color conventions are:
Power Supply Wire Color Conventions
Yellow wire +12
Blue wire -12
Red wire +5
White wire -5
Motor +/-12
Circuitry +/-5
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 5 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To test the Power Supply:
Testing Power Supply
Locate a spare Molex connector, and remove it from the
bundle if necessary so that
Measure the 5 volt output from the power supply using a
multimeter
Measure the 12 volt output from the power supply using a
multimeter
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 6 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Activity 7-4
Activity on
Troubleshooting Power
Supplies
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 7 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting memory, you need to understand the
Troubleshoot Memory
following:
Error checking
Common memory issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 8 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the error-checking mechanisms, which helps
Error Checking
save the data used in memory modules:
The Parity is an error correction method that is used for
electronic communications.
The Error Correction Code (ECC) is an error correction
method that uses several bits for error-checking.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 9 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common memory issues:
Common Memory Issues
Computer crashes
Application data is corrupted.
Memory errors displayed
Computer seems to boot, but screen is blank
Computer won’t boot, and beep codes are heard
New memory not recognized by the system
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 10 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Some common steps to troubleshoot memory issues:
Troubleshooting Memory Issues
Perform a virus scan. Viruses can cause symptoms that mimic
those of a memory problem.
Verify that the correct memory modules were installed in the
system. Verify this with the system documentation.
Verify that the memory was installed and configured properly.
Try swapping the memory between slots.
Check for BIOS upgrades. If there are known problems, then a
fix has probably been issued.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 11 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common CPUs issues:
Troubleshoot CPUs
Overheating
Chip creep
Failure
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 12 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To troubleshoot Overheating problems with CPUs
Troubleshoot CPUs
Verify that the air vents in the computer chassis are not
blocked.
Move the system further from the wall if airflow is not
sufficient.
Use compressed air to remove dust and dirt from fan
components and the CPU heatsink.
Verify that the fan blades are turning freely; remove debris or
obstructions.
Make sure the heat sink is securely clipped to the CPU.
If a cooling component has failed, replace it.
Configure the processor to eliminate overclocking.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 13 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
CPUs (To troubleshoot chip creep problems with CPUs
Troubleshoot contd.)
Reseat the processor
If a processor has failed, replace the processor
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 14 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common system board issues:
Troubleshoot System Boards
Computer viruses
Loose connections
Out-of-date BIOS
CMOS battery failure
Overheating
Electrical short-circuits
Physical damage
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 15 of 17
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for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To troubleshoot system board problems:
Troubleshoot System Boards
If the computer displays error messages, research the
messages to determine a possible cause.
Eliminate problems with all other system components.
Perform a virus scan.
Reseat all components on the system board, including both
cables and connector pins.
Update the system BIOS.
Update device drivers.
Replace the CMOS battery.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 16 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Summary
In this session, you learned that:
There are various common power problems, such as line
noise, power sag, brownouts, and frequency variations.
Common power supply issues are fan doesn’t work, computer
won’t start and noise coming from power supply.
Parity and ECC are the error checking mechanism.
Computer crashes, memory errors display, and computer
seems to boot, but screen is blank are common memory
issues.
Overheating, chip creep, and failure are the common CPU
issues.
Computer viruses, loose connections, out-of-date BIOS, and
CMOS battery failure are the common system board issues.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 17 of 17
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
In this session, you will learn to:
Objectives
Test and troubleshoot power supplies.
Test and troubleshoot memory.
Test and troubleshoot CPUs.
Test and troubleshoot system boards.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 1 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting power supplies, you need to
Troubleshoot Power Supplies
understand the following:
Common power problems
Common power supply issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 2 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the various common power problems:
Common Power Problems
Line noise
Power sag
Brownouts
Frequency variations
Overvoltage
Power failure
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 3 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the various common power supply problems:
Common Power Supply Issues
Fan doesn’t work.
Computer won’t start.
Noise coming from power supply.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 4 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
The Power Supply wire color conventions are:
Power Supply Wire Color Conventions
Yellow wire +12
Blue wire -12
Red wire +5
White wire -5
Motor +/-12
Circuitry +/-5
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 5 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To test the Power Supply:
Testing Power Supply
Locate a spare Molex connector, and remove it from the
bundle if necessary so that
Measure the 5 volt output from the power supply using a
multimeter
Measure the 12 volt output from the power supply using a
multimeter
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 6 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Activity 7-4
Activity on
Troubleshooting Power
Supplies
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 7 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Before troubleshooting memory, you need to understand the
Troubleshoot Memory
following:
Error checking
Common memory issues
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 8 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the error-checking mechanisms, which helps
Error Checking
save the data used in memory modules:
The Parity is an error correction method that is used for
electronic communications.
The Error Correction Code (ECC) is an error correction
method that uses several bits for error-checking.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 9 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common memory issues:
Common Memory Issues
Computer crashes
Application data is corrupted.
Memory errors displayed
Computer seems to boot, but screen is blank
Computer won’t boot, and beep codes are heard
New memory not recognized by the system
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 10 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Some common steps to troubleshoot memory issues:
Troubleshooting Memory Issues
Perform a virus scan. Viruses can cause symptoms that mimic
those of a memory problem.
Verify that the correct memory modules were installed in the
system. Verify this with the system documentation.
Verify that the memory was installed and configured properly.
Try swapping the memory between slots.
Check for BIOS upgrades. If there are known problems, then a
fix has probably been issued.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 11 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common CPUs issues:
Troubleshoot CPUs
Overheating
Chip creep
Failure
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 12 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To troubleshoot Overheating problems with CPUs
Troubleshoot CPUs
Verify that the air vents in the computer chassis are not
blocked.
Move the system further from the wall if airflow is not
sufficient.
Use compressed air to remove dust and dirt from fan
components and the CPU heatsink.
Verify that the fan blades are turning freely; remove debris or
obstructions.
Make sure the heat sink is securely clipped to the CPU.
If a cooling component has failed, replace it.
Configure the processor to eliminate overclocking.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 13 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
CPUs (To troubleshoot chip creep problems with CPUs
Troubleshoot contd.)
Reseat the processor
If a processor has failed, replace the processor
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 14 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Following are the common system board issues:
Troubleshoot System Boards
Computer viruses
Loose connections
Out-of-date BIOS
CMOS battery failure
Overheating
Electrical short-circuits
Physical damage
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 15 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
To troubleshoot system board problems:
Troubleshoot System Boards
If the computer displays error messages, research the
messages to determine a possible cause.
Eliminate problems with all other system components.
Perform a virus scan.
Reseat all components on the system board, including both
cables and connector pins.
Update the system BIOS.
Update device drivers.
Replace the CMOS battery.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 16 of 17
CIonmsptaTlIliAngA +W Cinedrotiwficsa XtPio nP:r oAf eCsosmiopnraelh Uesnisnigv eA tAtpepnrdoeadc hIn stallation
for all 2006 Exam Objectives
Summary
In this session, you learned that:
There are various common power problems, such as line
noise, power sag, brownouts, and frequency variations.
Common power supply issues are fan doesn’t work, computer
won’t start and noise coming from power supply.
Parity and ECC are the error checking mechanism.
Computer crashes, memory errors display, and computer
seems to boot, but screen is blank are common memory
issues.
Overheating, chip creep, and failure are the common CPU
issues.
Computer viruses, loose connections, out-of-date BIOS, and
CMOS battery failure are the common system board issues.
Ver. 1.0 Session 7 Slide 17 of 17
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